Oil-burner.



No. 871,593. PATENTED NOV. 19, 1907.

W. R. JEAVONS.

OIL BURNER. APPLIOATION FILED MAR-J5, 1907.

f' E fNI/E'NTGE I WITNESSES: /f.

WM WWW,

AY'TYS'.

a j UN TED' STATES PATENT when.

WILLIAMB. JEAVQh'S, OF CLEVELAND, 01110.

OIL-BURNER.

Hastin s}.

,Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov; 19, 1907.

Application filed March 5.1907- SerialNo. 360.694.

distributers and spreaders employed thereand has tor its OblQC-tto mprove the construction oi said distributers'and spread- ,15' em insuch .n1anner as to prevent theoverheating of the same and ot the associated burner part-s. 1

'-A'further objectof the invention, which is assohiatedwiththe-idea of preventing the it) overheating". of the burner. parts, isthe proyision of -means for preventing, a1rchoring the spreattE, the turning of tlie jvickto' such an extent sto lose control of it,

. thus safeguarding tl ,device against the fifi production of ilainesof dangerous height by a careiess or unskilled operator.

to t ie'inner surface of the wick.

i accomplish these objects by means of the constructions shown in the accompany- .ing drawings, wherein Figure lu epresents a vertical sectional .35 view of a bur'ner constructed in accordance with my,invention; Fig. 2 represents a similarviewfshowing the air-distributing parts in; elevation and, illustratinga modification lot the means for locking the said parts :10. a'g'ainst verticaldisplacement; Fig. 3 represents a top plan'- iew of the spreader; and 'Fig'. 4- represents a side elevation of the air j'distribu'ter and the supporting ring therefor, thering bein broken away to illustrate the QG- Qmanne-r in which the anchoring mechanism shownin Fig. loperates. v

ln 'operatmg burners oi the blue flame ""ty'pefwherein, the "blue flame is produced without the intervention of perforated com- .50.;1ninglingor combustion tubes, it freguently *happens' that the flame which ascen sfrom "the-wick, if'rat-her. high; overlaps the top of a Z; for-medbetween the outer edge My invention relates to burners, and espe-j orally to burners ot-oil stoves and to the air throu h.

l further object of the invention is to imprave the construction whereby air is supplied to-the burner flame closely adjacent the, s reader and, owin .tothe artial va'cup g p atia'shortd stanca below thestopj hereot,

0f the spreader and the central portion thereof, impinges directly upon the top of the spreader, thereby heating the same excessively, and eventuallycommunicates bv conduction and radiation an undesirable and dangerous amount -ol' heat to the. wick tubes.

Furthermore, for convenience ot assembling and cleaning, it is desirable. that the spreader and its associated air-distributing parts should be readily removable from the burner. I

In the type of burner wherein a blue flame is produced without the employment of erforated combustion-or commingling tu es, the outer edge of the'spreader extends across the wick tubes and is spaced a short distance thereabove. An unskilled operator in attempting to elevate or lower the wick frequently turns theshaft oi' the spur wheel so far in a direction to elevate the wick that the wick engages the outer periphery of the spreader, and the spreader, togetherwith its associated distributing parts, is lifted 'from its seat, and, bv further turning ofth'e spur wheel, the wick is elevated until the spur wheel disengages the wick carrier, whereupon it is difficult, if notimpossible, should the operator see the mistake, to turn the blazing wick down within the tubes. This contretemps' has frequently occurred in the operation ofburners of the type described, and is a cause of great alarm and dan er to the operator as well as peril to the rouse itself within which the stove is located. 'By

the construction herein illustrated and described, I am enabled-to revent the occur rence of these'objectiona le results and at the same time permit the ready removal of the air-distributing parts, should it be desir able or necessary to do so.

In the aforesaid drawings, 1 represents a burner, the same comprisinga'n mner wick tube 2 and an outer wick tube 3 having in terposed therebetween a wick 4 provided with a wick carrier 5. This wick'carrier may be of any -preferred type and is shown ascomprising a erforated metallicband on the outside of t 10. wick connecting with a short inner band at thelowef end of the wick.-

6 denotes a wicleraising shaft which may be provided with a spur wheel on aging the wick carrier. v

' ithin the interior of the innertube,

(not I shown) v Cl! there is suitably secured a ring 7, said ring havinga plurality of arms 8 projecting inw ardly therefrom and carrying at the center of the wick tube a socket 9. The ring 7, 5 arms 8 and socket-9. are adapted to support,

center and anchor the air-distributing device, which will now be described; The 'said air-distributing device comprises a spreader 10 having riveted to the'cen'tral 10 portion thereof a spindell.

Spindlell is of sufficient length to-enable its lower end to be fitted into and guided by the socket 9 to center the associated parts with'respect to the wick tubes. I 12 denotes averticallyextending ring'o'f less external diameter than the internal diameter of Wick tube 2 to enable it to be freely and removably fitted thereinto and to provide a space therewith. v

13 denotes a fru'sto-conical ring the upper end of which bears against the lower surface ofthe spreader 10 and is secured thereto, as by eyelets 14. The lowerend of 13 is provided with a vertically extending flange 15 which fits closely the inner surface of the ring 12- and is secured thereto in any suitable inanner. Frusto-conical ring 13 is provided with large perforations 16 to permit the free and unobstructed flow of air from the interiorof the wick tubes therethrough. The upper end of the ring 12 is flared or bent inwardly; as shown at 17 the base of such flared portion being formed by a knee or bend in substantially the-same planeas the upper ends of the tubes 2 and 3. The upper end of the inner tube is bent outwardly at 18, providing a relatively wider space between the same and the adjacent portion of ring 12. Such adjacent portion of ring 12 may be provided with a number of perforations 19 for the purpose of supplying air to the said space and to the primary flame which is formed at the inner surface of the wick, and the upward trend of the limited air thus supplied prevents the downward driftand condensationof any vapor in the space between vthe ring and inner wick tube. 'ith the parts proportioned asdescribed, there is provided a free passageway 20 for air below the spreader'lO and the upper edge of ring 12 and the subjacent tubes and wick. To prevent the overheatii'ig of the spreader 10 by the action of the flame hereinbefore described, I provide said spreader with a row of perforations 21 located near the outer et'lge thereof, that is to say within the/outer half ofthe distance from the center to the peripheryof the spreader and about twot-hirds such distance from the eenter. 60, These openings establish communication between the passageway which is providedover'the wick and the wick tubes. and thrairspace above the sprmidcr and the relatively small quantity of air which flows 5 through said openings eil'cctually destroys the partial'vacuum that would otherwise be formed at this point and prevents the flame from the burner from curling. down and impinging upon the upper surface of IllO spreader.

spreader and the associated air-distributing parts by engagement therewith and avoid the danger of firefroin turning the wick too high and at the same time enable the operafor the purposes of cleaningand repair, I provide the distributing parts withmeans for automatically locking the same in position by the act of inserting or droppingthe spreader and its parts into the upper part of the inner wick tube. In 1 and 4. I show one form of the means by which this result is accomplished. In these figures, 22 denotes a locking member which is carried freely perforated plate or diaphragm 23 of the frusto-conical ring 13. This locking; member 15 shown as a curved jllate. the upphragm. 23 in any desircd manner. The lower portion of this plate is provided \Ylill a point 24, and the edge of said plate is beveled or inclined upwardly from such point and on opposite sides thereof. One such beveled edge 25 extends from the point at least as faras the lower edge of the ring l2 and may extend as far as the plate 25: The other edge comprises a shorter beveled portion 26 and a short and substantially veri ical portion 27, above which the plate is cut away to form a notch 28. It will be observed, byrefercnce to Fig. -l, that the effective width of the plate between the up per end of 27 and the opposite inclined edge 25 of said plate is substantially equal to the distance between the two arms 8 of the rin 7. From this construction it follows that, by merely dropping the air distributer into the top of theinner wick tube with the lower end of the spindle 11 in the socket 9, the lower end of-plate 22 will generally strike somewhere between a pair of arms 5 and that either theinclined surface25 or nclincd surface 26 will engage one of said arms,'according to which of the said arms may be nearer to the point 24, and that the'inclination of such edge will cause the air distributer to be rotated by gravity upon the spindle asan axis. The vertical extension 27 of ed re2(3 permits the lateral projection 27 1 1) clear the arm adjacent thereto. No matter to which ofthc two arms the point 24' may be ncarcr at the time :whenthc platc 22 is i.n: sertcd tlwrebctwccn. by the time the upper -end of the surface 27 has .clcarcd illt lower surface of its adjacent arm 5', the action of the inclined surfacc 25 on its .arm will cam or rotate the deflector until the horizontal'surby the air-distributor and preferably by the which is provided within the lower portion Topre-ventthe wick from lifting the for to remove the said parts when desirable per end whereof is fastened to plate or'dia- 1- thejform of locking device shownin Fig. 1.

i Projectnm 27 is beneath its adjace nt. arm, thereby locking the distributor in merely twisting the same, it will be unlocked from the arm or anchoring member and may be lifted out edge he'ng considerably-longer "the ledge 35.1.

Iii Fig. '2 I have shown a modification of In thismodification, arr-aperture is provided between two plate members, one of'whic'h, 30, isprovided with a vertical edge 31, and the jot! er with a vertical edge 32, the former than the ,latter'. From "the lower, end of edge 31, there 'extends an upwardlyinclined edge 33; Ex-

tending. downwardly with respect to the upper ortion of inclined edge 33 is a short vertica edge and proiecting horizontally from the lower end of 3-1;,toward edge 3I5is From the oilterend of 35 the -pla-te is, provided with an inclined edge 36,

act 36, there extends the incl-ination'of which is the reverse of the ncl nat on of edge I romthe lower end edge 37, the up er endof whicliinerges with the vertical e ge 32. IYith the construc- -tion.ju'st;descr1bed, .the air distributer is dro ped into the inner tube as before in an oppositely inclined l l I l l sue 1 manner that one of the anchoring mean-- 'bers or arms 8 is within the space between the lower end of.

inclined edges 36 and 37. Should the edge 36 strike the anchoringmember, saidedgc cams the distributer towards the right until the anchoring member clears the ledge stated, "in substantia delimited portion is 'It-then engages the edge 33, which cams the. deflector to the left, bringing the ledge 35 vertically below the. arm or anchoring member and locking the deflector in place. Should the edge 32% strike an arm or anchoring member, said edge will cam the distributer toward the left, bringing ledge .55 beneathsaid arm or member. As previously ll v the same plane as the top of the inner wick tube, the ring 12 *is deflected inwardly, as shown at 17; such provided with a suitable number of perforations 39 for the supplv of the primary l amount of air at this point to ilamc and to the. vapor within the inner edge of the wick. have found that by forming a knee or bend in the ring at ae-pointsubstantially [lush with the upper edge. of the inner wick tube, I secure better llamc' produced than when the "bend is made at a point-lower down, and that the provision of the bend at thispoint with the lnwaiadl directed flange extending an inlditiona above the tubes effectively breaksup' the disagreeable h'i,.2mming- -n9'i se which .rovided 31 and t e point 1 =38. which is provided at the junction of the is often I communicating with the space flange forms a large pocket with the inner wick tube.

1 claim:

1. In an oil burner, the combination of an inner and an outer wick tube. a wick between said tubes, an air spreader extending above and across the tops of said tubes and wick and forming with thesamc a narrow passageway t'or air from the interior of the ")nrner, there being an. air space provided above the spreader and said spreader hav ng a portion extending inwardly in a horizontal direction from above the wick and being provided in such portion with a series of perforations arranged to discharge air from the narrow passageway-below the spreader directly to the outer portion of the air space above the spreader, substantially as specified.

2. In an oil burner, the combination of an inner and an outer wick-tube, a wick therebetween, a vertically extending ring within the upper portion of the inner wicktube and forming with the upper end ofsaid-tube a space or chamber, aspreader plate extending above and across the tops ofsaid wick tubes and ring and't'orming with the same a narrow passageway for air from the interior of the burner, said spreader plate extending inwardly in a horizontal direction from, above said wick and having va series oi perforations in the outer portion. thereof arranged to discharge air from the passageway directly to,the space above said spreader plate, snl'istantially as specified.

3. In an oil burner, the combination of an inner and an, outer wick tube, the inner wick tube being provided withan outwardly flaring upper end. a vertically extending ring within the upper portion of the inner wick tube and spaced therefrom, there being an enlarged space or chamber provided by and between the flared upper end of said inner wick tube and the adjacent-vertical portion of said ring, said ring having perforations between itself and the inner wicktube to sup ly air in limited quantity to said space, substantially as s iccihed.

4. In an oil burner, the combination of an inner and an outer wick tube, a wick, a vertically extending ring within the inner wick tube, there being a space provided between said inner wick tube and said rin providing an air way to the base of the .wic said ring having a llangc projecting inwardly from substantially the plane of the top of the inner 5. In aburncr, tliecombination otau in'- ner'and an outer wick tube,'j aspreader ex- 11- :wli'no' across the upper ends at said tubes and spaced therefrom, and a vertically exerases and spaced therefrom, and a vertically extending ring withinand SpfiCClfiOm the inner Wick tube ,to therewith an air passage,

said ring being provided =With an; inwardly directed flange at the upperend tl1ereof,'the

knee formed by the junction of the ring. and flange being in substantially the same plane as thetop of the inner Wick tube, substantially as specified. i p

'6. In a'burner, the combination of an. inner and, anouter Wick tube, as reader 'extending across the upper ends oi said tubes tending ring Within the inner Wick-tube and spaced therefrom'to form an air-passage, saidring having an inwardly directed flange at the top thereof, the knee formed by the junction of' the ringand flange being in substantiallythe same plane as the top of the .inner Wick tube, said :ring having per-fora? tions therethrough below said knee or suppl' ng air inlimited quantity to said passage, substantially as specified.

7. In an oil burneiy'the combination iii in;

tier-and outer Wick tubes, amember. 2111- chored Within the inner Wick tube, an air distributer comprising a spreaderand provided 'With a laterally extending locking.

projection and having aninolin'ed or cam portionbelow said projection and adaptedto engage the said. anchored member to auto- 1 .-ma tioally rotate the said distributer and the said anchored I inner and an outer Wick tube,-the inner wick tube ,being proyided with a's'eat and being move the saidproject'ion vertically beneath member, substantially as specified. I

' 8. In an oil burner, the combination of an provided with one of a pain of'interio'cking members, an air distr buter comprising a spreader adapted to extend across the tops of said tubes, said distributer'havingan"engaging pertion for impartingto .itja rotary movement and having a portion ada ted to rest on saidfseat and also having'a cokingmember adapted tq'automatically interlock ith the, first-mentioned locking -member 1 [with the forr'nerby' theapplication of 'tribu'ter to its seat, 'substantially'as specified; 10.111 anoil burner, the combination of and prevent removal of said distributer in a direct "vertical line, substantially as speci- 9. In an 0il-burner,the combination of an inner and an outer. wick t be, an anchored b inner tube, an ..air distributer comprising a spreade'radapted to extend across said tubes, a seat for the locking. member within th distrib'uter, said distributer having a'locking- ..memb er' adaptedto be brought into locking engagement with the first rnentionedi 'Inember, 'a'nd means for automatically rotating "the latter. inember into locking "enga ement the dis-' an inner'and all outer Wick tube, an air dis .tributer comprisinga spreader 'and'having a v as specified a; hook having "adjacent thereto an incline. surfacejrjvhichis adsq tedto engage saida tending ring wit-bin and spaced from the iii-'- at' the iipp r 'formed by bend and the bottom atnarrow passageway for air from the"inte T101. of the burner, a ring Within-the 1111131 i at ai -point between the top andbottom' of said Bill aud below the top of the inner wick locking memberprojecting therefrom, an anchored mem er, Within the T222181", nuck tube,

said locking ree'mber comprising .a hQQl! adapted. to pro ectben'eath the anchored.

member; and having an inclined surfaoeyzo adapted to drive said book .beneath said anehored. member, substantially as specified;

11.;111 an oil burner, the combinationofan' inner anda'n outer Wick tube, 1.3 reader Ila/Y ing'a looking member operativeiy connected 7'55; thereto, and an anchored member the. inner tube, said locking member cdmprisin:

chored. member and automaticallydrifie hook therebeneath, substantially as specified 12. In a burner, the eombinationofan in- 1 her and an outer ick tube; j w iclr', a spreader" x s we e t e up er re f sai tubes and spacedv therefrom, and a vert cally exg5 tending ring within, andspaced iromlthein- .n'er Wick tube ,to form therewith anl'air passage supplying air to the base ofthewick said'ring having an inwardly directed flange -at the upper end thereof, the; knee or bend so formed by the junction of the ring and flange being in substantially the plane lot the top of the innerwi'clr tube, said flange being pro- .vided-With perforations for admitting air from theinterior of the inne'r wicll tube therethrough, and means for admitting air in linn'ted volume to the space between the vertically extending portion otth'e rin -and the'inner Wick tube substantiall "ass ecified.."

1 13s in a burnerjthe;combinationof an nner and an outersiietytroe, a; s reader. ex-' tending across'the'upper ends'o said tubes and spaced tliereiii-oin, and a verticallyex- N w ner ick tube 'toforrn therewith an air sage supplyingairto the base of the Wick, said ringhaving an inwardly directed flange 14. In a burner, the combination of aln in ner and an outer wick tube, as reader .eX- tending across the upper ends 0' said" tubes and-spaced thereh'oinand formingtherewith.

wi-cl; tube extending vertically as high as the '1. top of-tii'e' inner Wiok'tube'and-formin 'an=an ply'ing as in 'limited'volume to said passage.

tube, p .2; burner, the-combinationaof an inner and an outer ick tube, a Wick, a spreader 130 i extending across the upper ends of said tubes and spaced therefrom, a vertically extending ring Within and spaced from the inner wick tube to form therewith an air assage sup- 5' lying air to the base of the w1ck,'said ring aw ing an inwardly directed flange at the up per end thereof, the knee or bend formed by the junction of the ring and flange being in substantially the lane of the top of the in-. 10 nor wick tube, an means for supplying air in limited volume to the said air passage at a In testimony whereof, I hereunto afiix my signature in the presence of two witnesses. A 15 WILLIAM R. JEAVONS; Witnesses: j v

J. B. HULL,

S. E. Fours. 

